North American capitals divide cleanly along the continent's political geography. The three mainland giants seat their governments in cities that are not their largest by population: Ottawa (not Toronto or Montreal) for Canada, Washington (not New York or Los Angeles) for the United States, and Mexico City (which IS the largest, the exception that proves the rule). All three were chosen for compromise reasons rather than commercial dominance.

Central America runs Belize south through Panama: Belmopan replaced Belize City as Belize's capital in 1970 after a hurricane (one of the youngest national capitals in the Americas); Guatemala City, San Salvador, Tegucigalpa, Managua, San José, and Panama City round out the seven mainland republics. The Caribbean adds another thirteen island capitals, of which Havana, Santo Domingo, Port-au-Prince, Kingston, and Nassau anchor the most populous islands; Bridgetown, Roseau, Saint George's, Basseterre, Castries, Kingstown, and Port of Spain serve the smaller eastern Caribbean states. Easy to confuse: Kingston (Jamaica) vs Kingstown (Saint Vincent), Saint George's (Grenada — note the apostrophe) vs Saint John's (Antigua), and Belize's "Belmopan" — a planned city of fewer than 25,000 people that few non-Belizeans can name.

Pick a mode and start. Type-in is the deep-end recall mode; multiple choice is the warm-up; tile select sorts North American capitals from European / African / Asian / South American distractors under the clock; match pairs each capital to its country across regional rounds; click-the-map asks you to click the country whose capital is shown. Every mode counts toward your topic mastery.